Grade III Ptosis Revealing Congenital Orbital Encephalocele
S. EL Hachimi *
Department of Adult Ophthalmology, Casablanca Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hospital August 20, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.
Fz. Bahari
Department of Adult Ophthalmology, Casablanca Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hospital August 20, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.
M R. Bentouhami
Department of Adult Ophthalmology, Casablanca Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hospital August 20, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.
Y. Hidan
Department of Adult Ophthalmology, Casablanca Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hospital August 20, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.
A. Mchachi
Department of Adult Ophthalmology, Casablanca Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hospital August 20, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.
L. Benhmidoune
Department of Adult Ophthalmology, Casablanca Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hospital August 20, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.
R. Rachid
Department of Adult Ophthalmology, Casablanca Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hospital August 20, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
This article aims to provide an overview of the clinical, diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of orbital encephalocele. A patient with age of 48, operated on for thyroid goitre and treated for acute lymphocytic leukemia for 5 years, presented for one month with rapidly worsening ptosis of the right eye, with limited elevation and no other ophthalmoplegia or associated signs, A cranio-orbital MRI was ordered, revealing an intraorbital encephalocele exerting a mass effect on the upper eyelid levator muscle and the homolateral upper rectus. Orbital encephalocele usually occurs due to a failure in neural tube closure during embryonic development. This malformation manifests itself as a herniation of cerebral structures through a bony opening in the base of the skull. Encephaloceles can vary in type, with different contents, including the cerebral cortex or meningeal structures. Long- term follow-up is crucial to assess neurological development and quality of life. Ongoing research in this field is essential to improve clinical outcomes and develop more effective treatment strategies.
Keywords: Encephalocele, neurological development, eyelid levator muscle, goitre